November 23, 2024, 5:26 am | Read time: 6 minutes
What Causes Colds in Dogs, How to Protect Them, and What Helps With an Infection? PETBOOK Has the Answers.
An evening in the cold air wearing clothes that are too thin, a shower we waited too long for after sports, or the sneezing children of friends–sometimes it happens quickly, and we catch a cold. Especially in spring or fall, during the transitional seasons when temperatures are inconsistent and our bodies haven’t fully adjusted to the weather, we often struggle with sniffles and coughs. While we can arm ourselves against the first symptoms with warm clothing, zinc tablets, and ginger tea, it’s different for our dogs. They go through life unprotected in all weather, exposing them to viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens. But wait: Can dogs catch a classic cold, and could we even infect them?
Dogs and Colds–What the Veterinarian Says
“Yes, dogs can catch a cold–an inflammation of the upper respiratory tract with symptoms like sneezing, nasal discharge, or a stuffy nose,” says veterinarian Dr. Hölter from Stade. However, the cold is not contagious to humans. And vice versa, it’s not contagious either.
How do dogs catch a cold? Essentially, in much the same way as humans. “In many cases, it’s a mild, temporary infection, similar to what we experience,” says Dr. Hölter. “Especially in the cold season or under stress, the immune system can be weakened, which favors such infections.”
Dogs with very thin fur and no undercoat particularly appreciate a coat or other protection. Also, make sure your pet doesn’t get too cold. If he gets wet, you should definitely dry him off to prevent hypothermia. Keep moving during walks and make your rounds briskly. Long stops and chats with neighbors aren’t good for the dog and can cause him to cool down.
If your dog has already caught a cold, warmth, rest, and plenty of fluids are especially helpful for recovery. There are also warming aids like heated pads or heat lamps that can support recovery.
How Does a Dog Cold Manifest?
A cold in dogs is not so easy to recognize, as Dr. Hölter explains: “A little clear nasal discharge is normal in dogs. Irritating smells or air pollution, cold, or physical exertion can cause the nose to run more than usual, or the dog to sneeze more often without having a cold. On the other hand, dogs lick away abnormal nasal discharge so quickly that it can easily be overlooked. A mild cold, where the dog doesn’t sneeze often and the nose isn’t blocked, often goes unnoticed. Even purulent nasal discharge or nosebleeds may only become visible when the dog is sleeping.”
Therefore, you should take frequent nose licking seriously. If your dog also seems chilly and lethargic, it could indicate a cold. His posture also provides clues about his health. If he curls up tightly, it may suggest he’s cold. In that case, you should let him rest and temporarily avoid long walks. Opt for shorter rounds that don’t overwhelm your dog. Pay attention to the signs your dog gives you. If he’s very lethargic, he may sit down or suddenly stop. Take these hints seriously. If your dog is really affected, you’ll notice it through loss of appetite, sneezing, or even fever.
“Dogs Can Also Contract Kennel Cough”
Very important: Not every sneeze actually indicates a cold, warns Dr. Hölter. “Dogs can also contract kennel cough–a contagious respiratory infection that can vary from mild to severe depending on the pathogen,” says the veterinarian. A vaccination against kennel cough is recommended for dogs that have a lot of contact with other dogs, such as in dog schools or boarding kennels, at exhibitions or sporting events.
Allergies can also be a cause of colds in dogs. Most dogs with pollen or house dust allergies show itching and skin problems. Hay fever-like symptoms, as we know them, are much rarer.
“Behind nasal discharge and sneezing in dogs can also be dental problems, foreign bodies, fungal infections, polyps, or tumors,” says Dr. Hölter, “in dogs that have been abroad, parasites like nasal mites or worm eggs in the nasal cavities can be the cause of the symptoms.”
Also interesting: Dogs and cats can also develop pollen allergies–these are the symptoms
How to Recognize Fever in Dogs
An elevated temperature can be detected in dogs by warm body areas. Especially the ears and nose are warm during fever. If the animal suddenly avoids touch or behaves unusually aloof, this can also be a sign of discomfort. Dogs often withdraw when they don’t feel well. Unlike some suffering humans, they don’t want attention and sympathy, but simply to be left alone. If your dog seems very different, don’t hesitate to visit a veterinary clinic promptly.
Adapting to Cold Temperatures Through Exercise
As with humans, prevention is the best remedy for dogs. In seasons with unstable temperatures, regular walks ensure that your pet gets used to the changeable weather and his body responds more quickly. Dogs that spend a lot of time outdoors are much better equipped against the cold than homebodies. Exercise not only helps the body warm up but also strengthens the immune system sustainably.
Indoors, normal room temperatures are usually comfortable for dogs. If he still gets too warm, you’ll notice him retreating to a cooler spot, like tiles. Those who prefer significantly cooler temperatures in bedrooms should consider offering short-haired dogs an extra blanket or light coat at night to prevent chilling.
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For Dog Colds–Caution with Home Remedies
“Very warm, dry indoor air harms the nose more than it helps,” warns Dr. Hölter. Some saltwater steam, preferably combined with soothing herbs like chamomile, sage, rosemary, or thyme in the air can help loosen mucus. Caution is advised with essential oils like eucalyptus, pine, or fir oil–these can lead to poisoning in animals. Overdosing can also irritate the mucous membranes, and hot steam can strain the circulatory system because dogs don’t sweat but pant to regulate their body temperature. With these tips, your pet should be well-prepared against viruses and weather changes.
Conclusion: Colds don’t just affect humans; they can also catch your dog. Especially in the cold season or when the weather is still very changeable, make sure your dog gets enough exercise, opting for short rounds instead of long marches. If your pet does catch a cold, give him plenty of rest, keep him warm, and visit a veterinarian if in doubt.